Fly Ash-Based Zeolite-Complexed Polyethylene-Glycol on an Interdigitated Electrode Surface for High-Performance Determination of Diabetes Mellitus

Fly Ash-Based Zeolite-Complexed Polyethylene-Glycol on an Interdigitated Electrode Surface for High-Performance Determination of Diabetes Mellitus

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Yan Chen, Ying Zhao, Yanjun Wang Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yanjun Wang Email jdeywyj@sina.comBackground: Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder known to induce a high blood glucose level that fluctuates outside the normal range.Diabetes affects and damages the organs in the body and causes heart HALTER/BRIDLE BAG WITH 3 HOOK RACK issues, blindness and kidney failure.Continuous monitoring is mandatory to keep the blood glucose level within a healthy range.Materials and Methods: This research was focused on diagnosing diabetes mellitus on zeolite nanoparticle-polyethylene glycol complex-immobilized interdigitated electrode sensor (IDE) surfaces.

Zeolite nanoparticles were extracted from the fly ash of a thermal power plant by alkaline extraction.The surface morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles was observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the presence of certain elements and the particle size were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and particle size analysis, respectively.Results: The crystalline PEG-zeolite nanoparticles were synthesized with a size of 40± 10 nm according to high-resolution microscopy.A particle size analyzer revealed the sizes of the fly ash and PEG-zeolite particles as 60± 10 μm and 50± 10 nm, respectively.The IDE surface was evaluated for its ability to display antifouling properties and sense glucose levels on the abovementioned nanoparticle-modified surface.

Glucose oxidase was probed on the PEG-zeolite-modified IDE surface, and glucose was detected.PEG zeolite performed well with excellent antifouling properties on the IDE sensor surface and improved the glucose detection limit to 0.03 mg/mL from 0.08 mg/mL, as determined by linear regressions [y = 5.365x - 6.

803; R2 = 0.9035 (zeolite surface) and y = 5.498x + 5.914R2 = 0.9061 (PEG-zeolite surface)].

This enhancement was ∼ 3-fold, and sensitivities were found to be 0.03 Casting - Cast Protectors and 0.06 mg/mL glucose for the PEG-zeolite- and zeolite-modified surfaces, respectively, showing a 2-fold difference.Conclusion: The excellent biocompatible surface modified by PEG zeolite exhibited high performance and is useful for medical diagnosis.Keywords: blood glucose, dielectric sensor, biosensor, nanomaterial, nanoparticle.